Heart Rhythm Problem
Heart rhythm problems, also known as arrhythmias, are conditions in which the electrical impulses that coordinate your heartbeat are not working properly, causing the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. The heart’s electrical system is essential for maintaining a steady rhythm that enables efficient pumping of blood throughout the body. When this system is disrupted, it can result in various types of arrhythmias, ranging from harmless to life-threatening.
There are many types of arrhythmias. Tachycardia refers to a heart rate that is too fast (usually over 100 beats per minute), while bradycardia refers to a heart rate that is too slow (usually under 60 beats per minute). Other common forms include atrial fibrillation (AFib), atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation, the latter of which can be fatal if not treated immediately.Arrhythmias can be caused by many factors including coronary artery disease, heart failure, high blood pressure, electrolyte imbalances, thyroid disorders, excessive alcohol or caffeine consumption, drug abuse, stress, or congenital heart defects. Some arrhythmias may occur without any underlying disease, especially in young, healthy individuals.
Diagnosis is made using tools such as electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitor, event recorder, electrophysiological studies, and echocardiogram. Treatment depends on the type of arrhythmia and may include lifestyle changes, medications, pacemaker insertion, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), catheter ablation, or surgery.